Chiastic Structures
The Old Testament
Chiastic Parallels
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A

1 Hear this, O house of Jacob,
you who are named Israel though you stem from the lineage of Judah—
who take oaths in the name of Jehovah and invoke the God of Israel,
though not in truth or in righteousness,
3 who call yourselves of the holy city,
upheld by the God of Israel, whose name is Jehovah of Hosts:

B

3 The prophecies of the events of the past
I made known long beforehand;
no sooner did they issue from my mouth,
than I caused them to be announced. Then, suddenly, I acted and they came about.

C

4 For I knew how stubborn you were—
your neck was an iron sinew, your brow brazen—
5 therefore I told you them beforehand;
I announced them to you before they transpired, lest you should say, My idols did it;
my graven and wrought images caused it!

D

6 But you have heard the whole vision;
how is it you do not proclaim it?

B'

Yet as of now, I announce to you new things,
things withheld and unknown to you, 7 things now coming into being, not hitherto,

C'

things you have not heard of before, lest you should say, Indeed I knew them! 8 You have not heard them,
nor have you known them; before this your ears have not been open to them.
For I knew you would turn treacherous;
you were called a transgressor from the womb.

A'

9 For my own name’s sake I have bridled my wrath;
on account of my renown
I have shown restraint toward you
by not entirely destroying you. 10 See, I am refining you, though not as silver;
I am testing you in the crucible of affliction. 11 For my own sake, on my own account, I do it,
that my name be not dishonored, nor my glory, which I give to no other.